| Faraday |
a constant representing the charge of one mole of electrons;
96,485 coulombs |
| Fat (glyceride) |
an ester composed of glycerol and fatty acids |
| Fatty acid |
a long-chain carboxylic acid |
| Feedstock |
the portion of petroleum used as the raw material in a
petrochemical plant; it varies from heavy hydrocarbons to light ones |
| Fermentation |
the conversion of sugar to ethanol using yeast |
| Ferromagnetism |
strong magnetic character exhibited in the absence of a
magnetic field |
| Filtration |
a method for separating the components of a mixture
containing a solid and a liquid |
| First law of thermodynamics |
the energy of the universe if constant; same as law of
conservation of energy |
| First order rate equation |
a rate equation in which the rate is proportional to the
first power of the concentration of only one reactant |
| Fission |
the process of using a neutron to split a heavy nucleus into
two nuclei with smaller mass numbers |
| Fixed image |
a photographic image no longer sensitive to light because the
photosensitive silver salt has been removed |
| Flotation process |
a method of separating the mineral particles in an ore from
the gangue that depends on the greater wettability of the mineral pieces |
| Fluorescence |
the emission of light of longer wavelength , usually visible,
by a substance when irradiated by light of shorter wavelength, usually ultraviolet |
| Forbidden energy zone |
the energy different between the valence valence band and the
conduction band of molecular orbitals in a semiconductor |
| Force |
the cause of motion; the agency that causes the acceleration
of mass |
| Formal charge |
the charge assigned to an atom in a molecule or polyatomic
ion derived from a specific set of rules |
| Formation constant |
the equilibrium constant for the formation of a complex ion |
| Fossil fuel |
coal, petroleum, or natural gas; consists of carbon-based
molecules derived from decomposition of once-living organisms |
| Frasch process |
the recovery of sulfur from underground deposits by melting
it with hot water and forcing it to the surface by air pressure |
| Free energy |
the measure of ability of a system to undergo a spontaneous
change |
| Free radical |
a species with an unpaired electron |
| Fractional distillation |
the separation of the components of a liquid solution by
successive distillations in which the vapor becomes richer in more volatile component and
the residue richer in the less volatile component |
| Frequency |
the number of waves (cycles) per second that pass a given
point in space |
| Fuel cell |
a galvanic cell for which the reactants are continuously
supplied |
| Functional group |
an atom or group of atoms in hydrocarbon derivatives that
contains elements in addition to carbon and hydrogen |
| Fusion |
the process of combining two light nuclei to form a heavier,
more stable nucleus |
